Tungsten alloy
Tungsten alloy
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  • Tungsten alloy
  • Tungsten alloy
Tungsten alloy

The classification of tungsten alloy grades is primarily based on their compositional systems and application scenarios. The mainstream grades include high-density alloys from the tungsten-nickel-iron/tungsten-nickel-copper series, tungsten-based cemented carbides, as well as specialized tungsten alloys such as tungsten-copper and tungsten-molybdenum alloys. Different grades exhibit significant variations in properties such as density, strength, and corrosion resistance. Below are the commonly used mainstream grades and their subcategories both domestically and internationally:

Category

Alloy system

Grade

Core ingredient (%)

Core Features

Application scenarios

Corresponding to foreign standards/common grades

High-density tungsten alloy

Tungsten-nickel-iron series

WNiFe90

W90, Ni7, Fe3

Good plasticity, high strength

Counterweight block, armor-piercing projectile core, radiation shielding

90WNiFe, ASTM B777 Grade 1

High-density tungsten alloy

Tungsten-nickel-iron series

WNiFe93

W93, Ni5.5, Fe1.5

Higher density, balanced mechanical properties

Aerospace counterweights, precision instrument balance blocks

93WNiFe, ASTM B777 Grade 2

High-density tungsten alloy

Tungsten-nickel-iron series

WNiFe95

W95, Ni3.5, Fe1.5

High density, impact-resistant

Military ammunition bodies, oil logging instrument accessories

95WNiFe, ASTM B777 Grade 3, DIN W-Ni-Fe 95

High-density tungsten alloy

Tungsten-nickel-iron series

WNiFe97

W97, Ni2.1, Fe0.9

Ultra-high density, low deformation

Nuclear industry shielding components, precision medical devices

97W-Ni-Fe, ASTM B777 Grade 4

High-density tungsten alloy

Tungsten-nickel-copper system

WNiCu90

W90, Ni6, Cu4

Good corrosion resistance, non-magnetic

Electronic packaging, chemical corrosion-resistant counterweights, non-magnetic molds

90WNiCu

High-density tungsten alloy

Tungsten-nickel-copper system

WNiCu95

W95, Ni3, Cu2

High density + non-magnetic

MRI accessories, precision electromagnetic components

95WNiCu

Tungsten-based cemented carbide

Tungsten-cobalt (YG)

YG3

WC97%, Co3%

High hardness and good wear resistance

Finishing tools, cutting hard materials

/

Tungsten-based cemented carbide

Tungsten-cobalt (YG)

YG6

WC 94%, Co 6%

High strength, impact-resistant

Roughing tools, mining drill bits, molds

/

Tungsten-based cemented carbide

Tungsten-cobalt (YG)

YG8

WC 92%, Co 8%

Extremely resilient

Heavy-duty molds, rock drill bits

/

Tungsten-based cemented carbide

Tungsten-cobalt (YG)

YG15

WC 85%, Co 15%

High toughness, crack-resistant

Stamping dies, wear-resistant parts

/

Tungsten-based cemented carbide

Tungsten-cobalt-titanium (YT) alloy

YT5

WC 85%, TiC 5%, Co 10%

Impact-resistant, high-temperature resistant

Rough machining of steel materials

/

Tungsten-based cemented carbide

Tungsten-cobalt-titanium (YT) alloy

YT15

WC 79%, TiC 15%, Co 6%

High hardness and good red hardness

Semi-finished steel

/

Tungsten-based cemented carbide

Tungsten-cobalt-titanium (YT) alloy

YT30

WC 66%, TiC 30%, Co 4%

Ultra-high hardness

Steel finishing

/

Tungsten-based cemented carbide

Universal Alloy (YW)

YW1

Contains WC, TiC, TaC, and 6% Co.

General-purpose, for machining steel/gray cast iron

Multi-functional cutting tool

/

Tungsten-based cemented carbide

Universal Alloy (YW)

YW2

Contains WC, TiC, TaC, and 8% Co.

Superior toughness compared to YW1

Machining of Difficult-to-Machine Materials

/

Special tungsten alloy

Tungsten-copper alloy (WCu)

WCu10

90% tungsten, 10% copper

Non-magnetic, with good electrical and thermal conductivity.

Electrical contacts, electrical spark electrodes, aerospace nozzles

DIN W-Cu 10

Special tungsten alloy

Tungsten-copper alloy (WCu)

WCu20

80% tungsten, 20% copper

Its electrical and thermal conductivity is superior to WCu10.

Electrical contacts, aerospace nozzles

DIN W-Cu 20

Special tungsten alloy

Tungsten-copper alloy (WCu)

WCu30

70% tungsten, 30% copper

Excellent electrical and thermal conductivity

Electrical contacts, electrical spark electrodes, aerospace nozzles

DIN W-Cu 30

Special tungsten alloy

Tungsten-copper alloy (WCu)

WCu50

50% tungsten, 50% copper

Best electrical and thermal conductivity

Electrical contacts, high-precision electrodes

/

Special tungsten alloy

Tungsten-molybdenum alloy (WMo)

WMo10

90% tungsten, 10% molybdenum

High-temperature resistance, creep resistance

High-temperature furnace accessories

/

Special tungsten alloy

Tungsten-molybdenum alloy (WMo)

WMo20

80% tungsten, 20% molybdenum

High-temperature resistance, creep resistance

High-temperature furnaces and heat-resistant structural components

/

Special tungsten alloy

Tungsten-molybdenum alloy (WMo)

WMo30

70% tungsten, 30% molybdenum

High-temperature resistance, creep resistance

High-temperature furnaces and precision heat-resistant components

/

Special tungsten alloy

Tungsten-rhenium alloy (WRe)

WRe5

95% tungsten, 5% rhenium

High strength at high temperatures and good ductility.

Thermocouple wire (temperature-resistant up to 2800℃)

/

Special tungsten alloy

Tungsten-rhenium alloy (WRe)

WRe25

75% tungsten, 25% rhenium

High strength at high temperatures and good ductility.

Thermocouple wires, high-temperature measuring instruments

/

Special tungsten alloy

Tungsten-rhenium alloy (WRe)

WRe30

70% tungsten, 30% rhenium

High strength at high temperatures and good ductility.

Thermocouple wires, ultra-high temperature components

/

Special tungsten alloy

Pure tungsten and doped tungsten

W1

W≥99.95%

High purity, high-temperature resistance

Electrovacuum devices, high-temperature heating elements

/

Special tungsten alloy

Pure tungsten and doped tungsten

W2

W≥99.95%

High purity, high-temperature resistance

Electrovacuum devices, high-temperature heating elements

/

Special tungsten alloy

Pure tungsten and doped tungsten

WThO2

Tungsten matrix + doped thorium oxide

Good electron emission performance

Tungsten filament, electrode

/

 

Additional notes
Mainstream standard grades from overseas

1. U.S. ASTM: High-density tungsten alloys are specified in ASTM B777-14, with the following grades: Grade 1 (90WNiFe), Grade 2 (93WNiFe), Grade 3 (95WNiFe), and Grade 4 (97WNiFe).

2. German DIN: Tungsten-nickel-iron alloys are designated as W-Ni-Fe 90 and W-Ni-Fe 95, while tungsten-copper alloys are designated as W-Cu 20 and W-Cu 30.

3. Japanese JIS: Carbide grades correspond to the domestic YG/YT system. High-density tungsten alloys are directly labeled with their composition, such as 95W-Ni-Fe.

Summary of Core Grades

Alloy Category Core Representative Grade Core Applications
High-density tungsten alloys WNiFe95, 95WNiFe, WNiCu90—counterweights, military applications, shielding
Tungsten-based cemented carbides YG6, YT15, and YW1—cutting tools, dies, and mining accessories
Special tungsten alloys WCu30, WRe25, and WMo20 for electrical, aerospace, and high-temperature applications.

Among them, WNiFe95 (high density), YG6 (hard alloy), and WCu30 (tungsten-copper) are the most widely used tungsten alloy grades in industry.

 

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